Knowledge Base
Glycol, Water and Fuel Detection
Fluid Contaminants
When present in your engine oil or fluid power system, water, glycol (coolant) or fuel can
indicate a number of problems, from incorrect engine timing (fuel) to cooling system
leaks. By detecting these problems before they cause component failure, we can work with
you to schedule downtime and maximize productivity.
Glycol (Coolant) Glycol causes rapid oxidation of the oil and usually
indicates a cooling system leak. Severely oxidized oil becomes sticky and forms sludge
that plugs the filter. Any amount of glycol contamination in the oil is unacceptable.
Engines, hydraulics or transmissions using water-to-oil coolers may become contaminated
with coolant if a leak develops in a cooler tube or seal.
Water
If infrared analysis indicates the presence of water, the approximate amount is determined
by placing a drop of oil on a plate. If water is present the oil will bubble and sputter. By comparing the amount of bubbling to laboratory
control samples, experienced laboratory technicians can determine the quantity of water in
the sample. Any amount over 0.5 percent is considered excessive.
Water can contaminate a system by leaking in from the outside or condensing in the
engine’s crankcase or compartment. When water combines with oil, it reduces the
oil’s ability to lubricate and forms a sludge that plugs filters. Water passing
between very close components can create “hot spots.” If the water gets hot
enough, it causes tiny pockets of steam which will create areas of non lubricated metal causing wear.
Fuel
Fuel contamination is confirmed using a flash test and/or a GC (Gas Chromatograph). With the flash test, the used oil is heated to a
prescribed temperature in a closed cup, then subjected to a flame. Fuel vapors driven off
by the heat will flash at different temperatures and display percentage of dilution. GC (Gas Chromatograph), in this method the oil is injected directly into the GC where quantitative and qualitative report values for fuel dilution content are obtained.
Fuel in the engine oil reduces its lubricating properties. Small amounts of fuel are
common as a result of the combustion process. But if fuel levels exceed recommended
levels, we will suggest a check for defective fuel injection nozzles and other sources of
leakage. Fuel dilution is generally the result of extended idling, incorrect timing, or a
problem with the fuel injectors, pumps or lines.
For further information see
Understanding your results.